BFS Plants

NOTES:

Status of the list. Please note that this is a “living” list, constantly being refined and updated. Plant species and generic circumscriptions may change as a result of molecular research. In addition, some plant groups at the BFS are particularly challenging and open to revision. We attempt to keep the list up-to-date via the Jepson eFlora, and we follow that nomenclature unless otherwise noted.

Species that have reported at the BFS but whose presence has not been confirmed have been moved to a separate list. If you can confirm that any of these species occur (or have occurred) at the BFS, please notify the webmaster.

Conservation status. According to State and Federally Listed Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants of California, April 2021 (California Department of Fish & Wildlife), only one plant species at the BFS has official conservation status:

• Berberis nevinii (Nevin’s Barberry) – on both State and Federal Endangered Species Lists.

Several other BFS plant species are listed as rare or threatened and are being tracked in the California Native Biodiversity Database, but have no official protection. See Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List, April 2021 (California Department of Fish & Wildlife) for details:

• Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula (Mesa Horkelia) – Critically imperiled
• Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii (Robinson’s Peppergrass) – Vulnerable
• Deinandra paniculata (Paniculate Tarplant) – Limited distribution
• Iva hayesiana (San Diego Marsh-Elder) – Imperiled
• Juglans californica (Southern California Black Walnut) – Limited distribution

Photos & descriptions. ‘BFS’ links will show plants photographed at the BFS. We eventually hope to have photographs of all the plants on the site. Photos on the BFS pages may be used for any personal or academic purposes as long as notification of use is sent to the BFS Webmaster and the image is clearly credited with ©[Name of photographer]. For higher-resolution images, please contact the photographer. Note that no photos taken at the BFS may be used for commercial purposes without the express permission of the BFS Director.

‘CP’ links will return all photographs of the listed taxon in the CalPhotos, Digital Library Project database. Note that you must check the stipulations with each photograph for permissible uses of the CalPhotos images. ‘Jep’ links will return the treatment and bioregional distribution for a taxon from Jepson eFlora.

Origin. The origin listing indicates whether a plant is thought to be indigenous to the site (Native), a California native that is not indigenous but has naturalized or been planted on the BFS (Native*), or not native to California (Non-native).

Plants designated Native^L are riparian or aquatic plants around or in pHake Lake. After lake construction was completed in 1978, BFS faculty, in consultation with Professor Robert Thorne of the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, introduced a variety of riparian and aquatic native plants. Additional native plants have appeared on their own via birds or aerial seed dispersal.

Validation. For many BFS plants, voucher specimens have been deposited in herbaria, and links are provided to online data for those specimens. If no online herbaria data are available, “photo” indicates that photos of the plant are available via the “BFS” link under “Photos”. If neither voucher specimens nor photos exist, but the identification is from a reliable source, initials indicate the source.

Non-native plants around the old infirmary. The area surrounding the former Claremont Colleges’ infirmary building was once planted with a wide variety of plants, most of which were non-native. Most of these were removed and replaced with native plants during the renovation of the building for the Redford Conservancy; however, those that were identified remain on the list with a note.

Common name	Scientific name	Photos & Descriptions*	Origin*	Validation*	Notes
DICOTS
Muskroot Family (Adoxaceae)
Blue Elderberry	Sambucus mexicana	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549568 RSA611612 UC1595289 UCR107790* *as Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea	Formerly Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea. Formerly placed in Caprifoliaceae. Listed in iNaturalist as Sambucus caerulea.
Amaranth Family (Amaranthaceae)
Tumbleweed	Amaranthus albus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, SD
Procumbent Pigweed	Amaranthus blitoides	CP, Jep	native	RSA766851 UCR224097
Red Amaranth	Amaranthus cruentus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	UCR0114119 SBBG233536 RSA0559730 RSA0559731	Has appeared as a waif.
Sumac or Cashew Family (Anacardiaceae)
Laurel Sumac	Malosma laurina	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Skunk Bush	Rhus aromatica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549571* RSA614155* RSA764411* UC1595388* UCR107775 *as Rhus trilobata	Formerly Rhus trilobata.
Lemonade Berry	Rhus integrifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549577 RSA614156 UCR108200
Sugar Bush	Rhus ovata	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549578 UC1595298
Peruvian Pepper Tree	Schinus molle	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA611984
Western Poison Oak	Toxicodendron diversilobum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0170942
Carrot Family (Apiaceae)
Mock Parsley	Apiastrum angustifolium	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA748786 UCR108172 UCR207701
Rattlesnake Weed, American Wild Carrot	Daucus pusillus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA616156
Dogbane Family (Apocynaceae)
Kotolo, Woolypod Milkweed	Asclepias eriocarpa	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA764402	Formerly placed in Asclepiadaceae.
Climbing Milkweed	Funastrum cynanchoides var. hartwegii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Sarcostemma cynanchoides ssp. hartwegii. Formerly placed in Asclepiadaceae.
Common Oleander	Nerium oleander	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	One on east side of lake and several along the Foothill and Mills fences.
Sunflower Family (Asteraceae)
Annual Bur-Sage	Ambrosia acanthicarpa	CP, Jep	native	JG, SD
California Sagebrush	Artemisia californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0450824
Mugwort	Artemisia douglasiana	BFS, CP, Jep	native	SD
Coyote Brush	Baccharis pilularis	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549569 UC1595287
Mule Fat	Baccharis salicifolia subsp. salicifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611982 RSA612652 RSA799914 UCR108461
Willow Baccharis	Baccharis salicina	BFS, CP, Jep	native	EN, M, photo
Desert Broom	Baccharis sarothroides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	R, Photo
Common Beggar-Ticks	Bidens pilosa	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA823057	A single plant (since removed) was spotted in the following summer in the area burned in the 2013 Foothill Fire.
California Brickellbush	Brickellia californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	On plant by the toad pond perished in the prolonged drought of 2014-2017, but at least one other is present in the ‘Neck’.
Italian Thistle	Carduus pycnocephalus subsp. pycnocephalus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA751114
Tocalote, Maltese Star-Thistle	Centaurea melitensis	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo
White Pincushion	Chaenactis artemisiifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
California Thistle, Cobwebby Thistle	Cirsium occidentale	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Several varieties may be present
Bull Thistle	Cirsium vulgare	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA0173757 RSA0173756	A small patch east of the lake was eliminated. A few additional plants that appeared south of the lake in the area burned in the 2018 Foothill Fire have been removed, but others may appear from time to time.
California Aster	Corethrogyne filaginifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611975 DAV33365	Formerly Lessingia filaginifolia. L. filaginifolia var. filaginifolia, L. filaginifolia var. bernardina, and L. filaginifolia var. peirsonii were all previously reported, but The Jepson Manual no longer recognizes any infraspecific taxa.
Australian Cotula, Southern Brass Buttons	Cotula australis	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616147
San Diego Tarweed, Paniculate Tarplant	Deinandra paniculata	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0171694	Listed as having “Limited distribution” in CNDDB. A single patch of approximately 100 plants spotted west of pHake Lake after the 2018 Foothill Fire has persisted.
African Daisy, Namaqualand Daisy	Dimorphotheca sinuata	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	Several plants were found in the area burned in the Foothill Fire and removed.
California Brittlebush	Encelia californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo	Had been planted behind the formed field house and has naturalized among the Redford Conservancy plantings.
Brittlebush, Incienso	Encelia farinosa	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Pine-Bush	Ericameria pinifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA764413 UCR108196
Horseweed	Erigeron canadensis	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Conyza canadensis.
Leafy Fleabane	Erigeron foliosus var. foliosus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0140987
Golden-Yarrow	Eriophyllum confertiflorum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612655 RSA751117 UCR108288
Saw-toothed Goldenbush	Hazardia squarrosa var. grindelioides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	The one known plant was bulldozed during the renovations for the Robert Redford Conservency, although others may be present.
Common Sunflower	Helianthus annuus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Uncommon. Has appeared from time to time.
Bristly Ox-Tongue	Helminthotheca echioides	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA817064	A single individual that appeared in the area burned by the Foothill Fire was removed.
Telegraph Weed	Heterotheca grandiflora	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA764412
Smooth Cat’s-Ear	Hypochaeris glabra	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA615307
San Diego Marsh-Elder, San Diego Povertyweed	Iva hayesiana	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA881791	Listed as “Imperiled” in CNDDB. Several plants are present on the banks of the wash.
Prickly Lettuce	Lactuca serriola	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo
California Goldfields	Lasthenia californica subsp. californica	CP, Jep	native	RSA616152	Has appeared transiently as a waif; not always present.
Hawkweed Layia	Layia hieracioides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, SD	A small population near the north shore of pHake Lake first spotted in 2008 has since expanded. This represents a range extension for this species.
Scale-Broom	Lepidospartum squamatum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611981
Valley Lessingia	Lessingia glandulifera var. glandulifera	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611968
Daggerleaf Cottonrose	Logfia gallica	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616158 (as Filago gallica)	Formerly Filago gallica.
Cliff Aster	Malacothrix saxatilis	CP, Jep	Native	Photo
Stinknet	Oncosiphon pilulifer	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA0559732	Only a single plant (which was removed) has been detected to date.
Cudweed, Two-tone Everlasting	Pseudognaphalium biolettii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	UCR108175 RSA613123* *as Gnaphalium bicolor	Formerly Gnaphalium bicolor.
California Cudweed	Pseudognaphalium californicum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA751109* RSA613124* *as Gnaphalium californicum	Formerly Gnaphalium californicum.
Woolly-Heads, Slender Woolly-Marbles	Psilocarphus tenellus	CP, Jep	native	EN, R
Threadleaf Ragwort	Senecio flaccidus var. douglasii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA444578
Common Groundsel	Senecio vulgaris	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA794414 UC2058834
Milk Thistle	Silybum marianum	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	In 2010 a large clump of Milk Thistle was removed from the in parkway on Mills Ave. It has not since recurred.
Prickly Sow Thistle	Sonchus asper	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo
Common Sow Thistle	Sonchus oleraceus	CP, Jep	non-native	LOB118454
Wand Wirelettuce	Stephanomeria virgata ssp. pleurocarpa	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611972
Rod Wirelettuce	Stephanomeria virgata ssp. virgata	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA823055
Everlasting Nest Straw	Stylocline gnaphaloides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612073
Cotton-Thorn	Tetradymia comosa	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549566 RSA611974 RSA764414 UC1595291
Barberry Family (Berberidaceae)
Nevin’s Barberry	Berberis nevinii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA792777
Birch or Alder Family (Betulaceae)
White Alder	Alnus rhombifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA611613 RSA766852
Borage Family (Boraginaceae)
Common Fiddleneck	Amsinckia intermedia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	POM612662 UCR108167	Formerly Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia
Bearded Cryptantha	Cryptantha barbigera	CP, Jep	native	KH
Popcorn Flower	Cryptantha intermedia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612076 RSA612663 RSA751118 SDSU22938
Rigid Cryptantha	Cryptantha juniperensis	CP, Jep	native	KH	Formerly Cryptantha nevadensis var. rigida
Minute-flowered Cryptantha	Cryptantha micromeres	CP, Jep	native	KH
Common Cryptantha	Cryptantha muricata	CP, Jep	native	UCR0004094
Prickly-Nut Cryptantha	Cryptantha muricata var. denticulata	CP, Jep	native	KH
Desert Red-Root	Eremocarya micrantha var. micrantha	CP, Jep	native	KH	Formerly listed as Cryptantha micrantha.
Comb-Bur, Narrow-toothed Pectocarya	Pectocarya linearis ssp. ferocula	CP, Jep	native	RSA616160B RSA792784
Sleeping Combseed, Northern Pectocarya	Pectocarya penicillata	CP, Jep	native	RSA612072 RSA616160A
Popcorn Flower	Plagiobothrys canescens	CP, Jep	native	RSA792783 RSA616155
Rough-stemmed Popcorn Flower	Plagiobothrys collinus var. fulvescens	CP, Jep	native	RSA616155
Mustard Family (Brassicaceae)
Common Sandweed	Athysanus pusillus	CP, Jep	native	RSA792772 RSA549579 UC1595297
Indian Mustard	Brassica fruticulosa	Jep	non-native	RSA612657 RSA792778 RSA831433 SBBG141337	Reported in 1996 as a new introduction to North America, B. fruticulosa is now well established at the south foot of the San Gabriel and San Bernadino Mountains of Riverside, San Bernardino, and western Los Angeles Counties. A dense local infestation in the southwest corner of the ‘Neck’ was found in 1996. It has since spread to other parts of the BFS.
Black Mustard	Brassica nigra	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA0084259 RSA0084230	Uncommon at the BFS.
Turnip, Field Mustard	Brassica rapa	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA0171365
Sahara Mustard	Brassica tournefortii	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA781424 UCR269246 UC2071778 CDA0049924	First detected in 2012 in the parkway along Foothill Blvd., B. tournefortii subsequently spread inside the entry gate, by the Abilene Way gate, north of the infirmary, and inside the Foothill and Mills fences. As of 2021, it appears to have been eliminated inside the field station, but continues to appear in the parkway.
Bitter-cress, Toothwort	Cardamine oligosperma	BFS, CP, Jep	native	UC1595296 RSA5495808
Shepherd’s Purse	Capsella bursa-pastoris	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	LOB116257
Western Tansy-Mustard	Descurainia pinnata	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA792779
Garden Rocket	Eruca vesicaria ssp. sativa	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA831432
Short-pod Mustard	Hirschfeldia incana	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	UCR108416* UCR107755* *as Brassica geniculata
Lesser Swine Cress	Lepidium didymum	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	Formerly Coronopus didymus.
Hairypod Pepperweed	Lepidium lasiocarpum ssp. lasiocarpum	CP, Jep	native	RSA799924
Robinson’s Peppergrass	Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii	BFS, Jep	native	Photo, JS	Listed as “Vulnerable” in CNDDB. The Jepson eFlora lumps L. virginicum var. robinsonii together with L. virginicum var. medium and L. virginicum var. pubesecens into L. virginicum var. menziesii.
Sweet Alyssum	Lobularia maritima	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA549565 RSA612659 UCR108174 UC1595292
Radish	Raphanus sativus	CP, Jep	non-native	UCSB032011
London Rocket	Sisymbrium irio	CP, Jep	non-native	POM293228
Hedge Mustard	Sisymbrium officinale	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	LOB116505
Indian Hedgemustard, Eastern Rocket	Sisymbrium orientale	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA748150 UCR207700
Cactus Family (Cactaceae)
Cereus	Cereus sp.	BFS	non-native	Photo	One planted outside the former BFS Field House has been removed. A small group of plants on the eastern side of the ‘Neck’ have naturalized from an adjacent yard.
Cane Cholla	Cylindropuntia bernardina	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612661* RSA0097546† *as Opuntia parryi †as C. californica var. parkeri	Formerly Opuntia parryi and Cylindropuntia californica var. parkeri. The large genus Opuntia was subdivided into five genera; true chollas are in the genus Cylindropuntia, and O. parryi was renamed C. californica. C. californica var. parkeri was subsequently elevated to its own species, C. bernardina
Indian-Fig, Mission Prickly-Pear	Opuntia ficus-indica	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, JG
California Prickly-Pear	Opuntia ×occidentalis	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0153305 RSA0097153 RSA0153306
Brown-spined Pricklypear	Opuntia phaeacantha	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Vasey’s Prickly-Pear	Opuntia vaseyi	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0353267 RSA0152936 RSA0097628 and others….	Opuntia littoralis vaseyi and O. littoralis austrocalifornica were merged into O. vaseyi. Prickly-pears at the BFS previously listed as O. littoralis are now considered to be O. vaseyi.
Pink Family (Caryophyllaceae)
Spreading Pygmyleaf	Loeflingia squarrosa	CP, Jep	native	RSA612084	Formerly Loeflingia squarrosa var. squarrosa. The Jepson Manual no longer recognizes any infraspecific taxa.
Four-leaved Allseed	Polycarpon tetraphyllum	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616146 RSA616148
Sleepy Catchfly	Silene antirrhina	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Common Chickweed	Stellaria media	CP, Jep	non-native	EN
Goosefoot Family (Chenopodiaceae)
Four-wing Saltbush	Atriplex canescens var. canescens	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo, SD	A single large specimen near the southwest corner of the ‘Neck’, suspected to have naturalized to the BFS from the California Botanic Garden. Formerly in Amaranthaceae.
Pitseed Goosefoot	Chenopodium berlandieri	BFS, CP, Jep	native	UCD151063 RSA823056	Formerly in Amaranthaceae.
California Goosefoot	Chenopodium californicum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA799915	Formerly in Amaranthaceae.
Russian Thistle	Salsola australis	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA831430 SBBG141358
Russian Thistle	Salsola tragus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA831431 SBBG141338
Spiderflower Family (Cleomaceae)
Bladderpod	Cleomella arborea	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	RSA549570 (as Cleome isomeris) RSA748781 UC1595389 (as Isomeris arborea)	Suspected to have naturalized to the BFS from the California Botanic Garden. Formerly Cleome isomeris, Isomeris arborea, and Peritoma arborea. Formerly placed in Capparaceae and Brassicaceae.
Morning-Glory Family (Convolvulaceae)
Island False Bindweed, Morning-Glory	Calystegia macrostegia subsp. intermedia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0060701
Chaparral Dodder	Cuscuta californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA751110 UCR0163839	Formerly placed in Cuscutaceae.
Stone Crop Family (Crassulaceae)
Pygmy-Weed	Crassula connata	CP, Jep	native	R
Moss Pygmyweed	Crassula tillaea	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA611986 RSA792834
Lance-leaved Dudleya	Dudleya lanceolata	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Cucumber Family (Cucurbitaceae)
Calabazilla, Buffalo Gourd	Cucurbita foetidissima	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Man-Root, Wild Cucumber	Marah macrocarpa	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611611 UCR107776	Formerly Marah macrocarpus var. macrocarpus. The Jepson Manual no longer recognizes any infraspecific taxa.
Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae)
California Croton	Croton californicus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611967 RSA612178 RSA751107 RSA764415 UCR108228
Dove Weed, Turkey Mullein	Croton setiger	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611970* RSA764421* *as Eremocarpus setiger	Formerly Eremocarpus setiger.
Rattlesnake Sandmat	Euphorbia albomarginata	CP, Jep	native	R	Formerly Chamaesyce albomarginata.
Petty Spurge	Euphorbia peplus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA612078
Thyme-leafed Spurge	Euphorbia serpillifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Chamaesyce serpyllifolia.
Castor Bean	Ricinus communis	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	UCR107781
Legume (Bean & Pea) Family (Fabaceae)
Spanish Clover	Acmispon americanus var. americanus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Lotus unifoliolatus var. unifoliolatus.
Short-winged Deerweed	Acmispon glaber var. brevialatus	CP, Jep	native	UCR107830* *as Lotus scoparius var. brevialatus	Formerly Lotus scoparius var. brevialatus.
Deerweed	Acmispon glaber var. glaber	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Lotus scoparius var. scoparius.
San Diego Bird’s-foot-trefoil	Acmispon micranthus	CP, Jep	native	RSA612083* *as Lotus hamatus	Formerly Lotus hamatus.
Bishop Lotus	Acmispon strigosus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612081* RSA616153* RSA615304* *as Lotus strigosus	Formerly Lotus strigosus.
Bird-of-Paradise Shrub	Caesalpinia gilliesii	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA764417	Spreading into the east side of the ‘Neck’ from a neigbor’s yard.
Western Redbud	Cercis occidentalis	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	RSA766854	A single plant naturalized on the south shore of pHake Lake
Miniature Lupine	Lupinus bicolor	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612177
Sky Lupine	Lupinus nanus	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo	In Foothill Blvd parkway. Not native to the BFS; probably planted in a wildflower mix.
Coulter’s Lupine	Lupinus sparsiflorus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA817063
Arroyo Lupine	Lupinus succulentus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Collar Lupine	Lupinus truncatus	CP, Jep	native	RSA612071 RSA799925
Sourclover	Melilotus indicus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA615305 RSA615307
Honey Mesquite	Neltuma odorata	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	RSA748784* *as Prosopis glandulosa	Formerly Prosopis glandulosa var. torreyana
Mexican Palo Verde	Parkinsonia aculeata	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, SD	Naturalized in So. Cal.; one near the front gate and one in the wash near Lowell gate have been removed, but new plants keep appearing.
Truncate Sack Clover	Trifolium depauperatum var. truncatum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA831435
Pinpoint Clover	Trifolium gracilentum	CP, Jep	native	RSA612065
Small-head Clover	Trifolium microcephalum	CP, Jep	native	RSA612082 RSA615303
Sweet Acacia	Vachellia farnesiana	CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	Formerly Acacia farnesiana.
Beech Family (Fagaceae)
Oak (unspecified)	Quercus sp.	CP, Jep	native*	RSA792774	In experimental plots in East Field established by the Gamon lab
Coast Live Oak	Quercus agrifolia var. agrifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612079 RSA611619
Scrub Oak	Quercus berberidifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA792836
Engelman Oak, Mesa Oak	Quercus engelmannii	CP, Jep	native*	SD	Planted near the old infirmary but removed during the renovation of the Redford Conservancy.
Holly Oak	Quercus ilex sp.	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA792775	In experimental plots in East Field established by the Gamon lab
Valley Oak, Roble	Quercus lobata	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo, SD	Two deciduous oaks planted east of the entrance road just south of the infirmary.
Gentian Family (Gentianaceae)
Canchalagua, California Centaury, Charming Centaury	Zeltnera venusta	BFS, CP, Jep	native	UCR146987* *as Centaurium venustum	Formerly Centaurium venustum
Geranium Family (Geraniaceae)
Filaree, Storksbill	Erodium botrys	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA751116
Red-stem Filaree	Erodium cicutarium	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA612653 UCR107801
White-stem Filaree, Greenstem Filaree	Erodium moschatum	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo
Gooseberry or Currant Family (Grossulariaceae)
Golden Currant	Ribes aureum var. aureum	CP, Jep	native*	RSA549572 UC1595387	Probably adventive from California Botanic Garden via birds as this variety is not native in the area
Golden Currant	Ribes aureum var. gracillimum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA748783
White-Flowering Currant	Ribes indecorum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549567 RSA612175 UCR107800 UC1595290
Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry	Ribes speciosum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549573 UC1595386	Not certain this is indigenous; it may have naturalized to the BFS from the California Botanic Garden.
Heliotrope Family (Heliotropiaceae)
Alkali Heliotrope, Seaside Heliotrope	Heliotropium curassavicum var. oculatum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Heliotropium curassavicum. Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Waterleaf Family (Hydrophyllaceae)
Whispering Bells	Emmenanthe penduliflora	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Emmenanthe penduliflora var. penduliflora. The Jepson Manual no longer recognizes any infraspecific taxa. Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Common Eucrypta	Eucrypta chrysanthemifolia var. chrysanthemifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612172 RSA612074 RSA549583 RSA612172	Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Desert Bluebells	Phacelia campanularia	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo	In Mills Ave parkway. Not native to the BFS; probably planted in a wildflower mix.
Caterpillar Phacelia	Phacelia cicutaria var. hispida	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA869430	Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Distant Phacelia	Phacelia distans	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611615 RSA799926 UCR107754	Formerly in Boraginaceae.
California Bells, Wild Canterbury Bells	Phacelia minor	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612070 RSA612173 RSA799923	Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Branching Phacelia	Phacelia ramosissima	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA751108	Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Lacy Scorpionweed, Tansy Phacelia	Phacelia tanacetifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, EN	Formerly in Boraginaceae.
Walnut Family (Juglandaceae)
Southern California Black Walnut	Juglans californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA764418 UCR224313	Formerly listed as Juglans californica var. californica, but the Jepson Manual no longer recognizes any infraspecific taxa.
Mint Family (Lamiaceae)
Henbit, Giraffe Head, Dead Nettle	Lamium amplexicaule	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA792771
Horehound	Marrubium vulgare	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA613095 UCR108173
White Sage	Salvia apiana	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA613094 UCR107758
Chia	Salvia columbariae	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Black Sage	Salvia mellifera	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Laurel Family (Lauraceae)
California Bay, California Laurel	Umbellularia californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	RSA613093	A group planted in front of the old infirmary has been removed, but some have naturalized on the site – likely from either that planting or California Botanic Garden.
Loosestrife Family (Lythraceae)
Hyssop Loosestrife	Lythrum hyssopifolia	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616149
Mallow Family (Malvaceae)
Flannelbush	Fremontodendron californicum	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	UCR-108170	Formerly Fremontodendron californicum ssp. californicum; The Jepson Manual no longer recognizes any infraspecific taxa of this species. Formerly placed in Sterculiaceae.
Chaparral Mallow	Malacothamnus fasciculatus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, SD
Mahogany Family (Meliaceae)
Chinaberry	Melia azedarach	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo
Miner’s Lettuce Family (Montiaceae)
Red Maids	Calandrinia menziesii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA799927* *as Calandrinia ciliata	Formerly Calandrinia ciliata. Formerly in Portulacaceae.
Streambank Springbeauty	Claytonia parviflora ssp. parviflora	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA748782	Formerly placed in Portulacaceae.
Myrsine Family (Myrsinaceae)
Scarlet Pimpernel	Lysimachia arvensis	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616150* *as Anagallis arvensis	Formerly Anagallis arvensis. Formerly in Primulaceae.
Myrtle Family (Myrtaceae)
Blue Gum	Eucalyptus globulus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, SD
Red Iron Bark	Eucalyptus sideroxylon	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA748149
Nama Family (Namaceae)
Hairy Yerba Santa	Eriodictyon trichocalyx var. trichocalyx	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611616 UCR108201	Formerly placed in Boraginaceae and Hydrophyllaceae
Four O’clock Family (Nyctaginaceae)
California Four O’Clock, Wishbone Bush	Mirabilis laevis var. crassifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	UCR108169 RSA613090	Formerly Mirabilis californica.
Olive Family (Oleaceae)
Desert Olive	Forestiera pubescens	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA778384 RSA781425	A single male plant grows on the north shore of pHake Lake.
Single-Leaf Ash or California Ash	Fraxinus anomala or Fraxinus dipetala	BFS F. anomala: CP, Jep F. dipetala: CP, Jep	native*	Photo, EN	Three trees near the College Ave gate were likely planted. Probably only one species of ash is present, but the species needs to be confirmed.
European Olive	Olea europaea	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA748148
Evening Primrose Family (Onagraceae)
California Sun Cup	Camissoniopsis bistorta	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611985* RSA613089* RSA751111* RSA751112* RSA799913* *as Camissonia bistorta	Formerly Camissonia bistorta
Minature Sun Cup, Spencer Primrose	Camissoniopsis micrantha	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA817062	Formerly Camissonia micrantha
Four Spot	Clarkia purpurea ssp. quadrivulnera	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Elegant Clarkia	Clarkia unguiculata	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Willowherb	Epilobium ciliatum	CP, Jep	native	RSA766856
Water Primrose	Ludwigia repens	BFS, Jep	nativeL	RSA764407
Peony Family (Paeoniaceae)
California peony	Paeonia californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA792776
Poppy Family (Papaveraceae)
California Poppy	Eschscholzia californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Coulter’s Matilija Poppy	Romneya coulteri	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	RSA751106	Planted by the old infirmary; has subsequently naturalized. Also present in the upper Neck, likely having spread from the adjacent California Botanic Garden.
Lopseed Family (Phrymaceae)
Southern Bush Monkey Flower	Diplacus longiflorus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612183* *as Mimulus aurantiacus	Formerly included in Mimulus aurantiacus, but now considered a distinct species. Formerly in Scrophulariaceae.
Plantain Family (Plantaginaceae)
Blue Toadflax	Nuttallanthus texanus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA616159* *as Linaria canadensis	Formerly Linaria canadensis. Formerly in Scrophulariaceae.
Royal Penstemon	Penstemon spectabilis	BFS, CP, Jep	native		Formerly in Scrophulariaceae.
Royal Penstemon	Penstemon spectabilis var. spectabilis	CP, Jep	native	RSA612181 UCR107832	Formerly in Scrophulariaceae.
Sycamore Family (Platanaceae)
Western Sycamore	Platanus racemosa	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA613088 UCR108191
Phlox Family (Polemoniaceae)
Sapphire Woollystar	Eriastrum sapphirinum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0175120
Sapphire Woollystar	Eriastrum sapphirinum subsp. dasyanthum	CP, Jep	native	RSA0074215 RSA0103295
Chaparral Gilia	Gilia angelensis	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA781423
Hollyleaf Navarretia	Navarretia atractyloides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA751104
Buckwheat Family (Polygonaceae)
Leafy California Buckwheat	Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliolosum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611976 RSA614149 UCR108197
Slender Woolly Wild Buckwheat	Eriogonum gracile var. gracile	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611973 RSA612085
Leather Spineflower	Lastarriaea coriacea	CP, Jep	native	RSA612075
False Waterpepper	Persicaria hydropiperoides	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA764408* RSA778386 *as Polygonum hydropiperoides	Formerly Polygonum hydropiperoides
Dotted Smartweed	Persicaria punctata	BFS, CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA611980* RSA778385 *as Polygonum punctatum	Formerly Polygonum punctatum
Woodland Threadstem	Pterostegia drymarioides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA616157
Wild-Rhubarb, Canaigre	Rumex hymenosepalus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA614148 UCR108199
Purslane Family (Portulacaceae)
Purslane	Portulaca oleracea	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	Has occurred as a waif.
Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Chaparral Clematis, Pipstem Clematis	Clematis lasiantha	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA792835
Cardinal or Scarlet Larkspur	Delphinium cardinale	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612066
Parry’s Larkspur	Delphinium parryi ssp. parryi	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612068
(no common name)	Delphinium x inflexum	BFS	native	RSA0452651	A fertile hybrid between Delphinium cardinale and Delphinium parryi ssp. parryi. A patch of these exists south of the lake. The name D. inflexum has been proposed but not accepted. Jepson eFlora mentions this hybrid under the listings for both Delphinium cardinale and Delphinium parryi.
Coffeeberry Family (Rhamnaceae)
Hoaryleaf Ceanothus	Ceanothus crassifolius	CP, Jep	native*	RSA792773	In experimental plots in East Field established by the Gamon lab
California Coffee Berry	Frangula californica ssp. californica	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA614147* RSA764416* UCR107831* *as Rhamnus californica	Formerly Rhamnus californica ssp. californica.
Spiny Redberry	Rhamnus crocea	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA549576 UCR108198 UC1595300
Rose Family (Rosaceae)
Birch-leaf Mountain-Mahogany	Cercocarpus betuloides	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, R
Toyon, Christmas Berry	Heteromeles arbutifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611617
Mesa Horkelia, Wedge-Leaf Honeydew	Horkelia cuneata var. puberula	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA611622 RSA612067 RSA748147 UCR109147	NatureServe State Rank of S1 (Critically imperiled); listed as seriously endangered in California by the California Native Plant Society
Holly-leafed Cherry, Islay	Prunus ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA0508543 RSA0508566 UCR0044166	P. ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia hybridizes freely with P. ilicifolia ssp. lyonii, and intergrading forms may exist at the BFS.
Catalina Cherry	Prunus ilicifolia ssp. lyonii	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	RSA0508566	P. ilicifolia ssp. ilicifolia hybridizes freely with P. ilicifolia ssp. lyonii, and intergrading forms may exist at the BFS.
Small-leaved Rose	Rosa minutifolia	CP, Jep	native*	SD	Planted near the old infirmary but removed during the renovation of the Redford Conservancy. On the California Endangered Species list, but protection does not apply to horticultural plantings.
Madder Family (Rubiaceae)
Goose Grass	Galium aparine	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612077
San Diego Bedstraw	Galium nuttallii subsp. nuttallii	Jep	native	RSA799917
Willow Family (Salicaceae)
Fremont Cottonwood, Alamo Cottonwood	Populus fremontii ssp. fremontii	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo, SD	The only known individual near the Lowell gate was removed in the renovation of the Redford Conservancy
Gooding’s Black Willow	Salix gooddingii	BFS, CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA766853
Arroyo Willow	Salix lasiolepis	BFS, CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA612651 RSA615308 RSA748780
Soapberry Family (Sapindaceae)
Chinese Flame-Tree	Koelreuteria bipinnata	BFS, CP	non-native	RSA764420
Figwort Family (Scrophulariaceae)
Mediterranean Figwort, Nettle-leaved Figwort	Scrophularia peregrina	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA792782 UCR89484 UC1611552 CDA0041982	Previously unreported in North America, S. peregrina had become an established weed throughout the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden by 1996 (Ross and Boyd, Madroño 43(4): 436, July-Sept 1996) and has since spread to the BFS and other areas in Claremont. Native to Portugal and the Mediterranean region.
Wand Mullein	Verbascum virgatum	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA751105
Simarouba Family (Simaroubaceae)
Tree of Heaven	Ailanthus altissima	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA764419	All known individuals have been removed.
Nightshade Family (Solanaceae)
Jimson Weed	Datura wrightii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, JG
Manyflower Tobacco	Nicotiana acuminata var. multiflora	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, SD
Tree Tobacco	Nicotiana glauca	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA611983 RSA613098
Indian Tobacco	Nicotiana quadrivalvis	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA748151 RSA764406
Greenspot Nightshade	Solanum douglasii	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA613099 RSA751115 RSA799916
Purple Nightshade	Solanum umbelliferum var. xanti	BFS, CP, Jep	native	UCR107761 UC1595293 RSA549564 RSA613097	Formerly Solanum xanti
Nettle Family (Urticaceae)
Black-hair Nettle	Hesperocnide tenella	CP, Jep	native	RSA549581 RSA562724 RSA792781 UC1595295
Pellitory	Parietaria hespera var. hespera	CP, Jep	native	RSA615306
Dwarf Nettle	Urtica urens	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA549582 RSA792780 UC1595294
Vervain Family (Verbenaceae)
Southwestern Mock Vervain	Verbena gooddingii	BFS, CP, Jep	native*	Photo, SD	Has occurred as a waif, likely originated from California Botanic Garden
Mistletoe Family (Viscaceae)
Big Leaf Mistletoe	Phoradendron leucarpum ssp. macrophyllum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, SD	Formerly Phoradendron macrophyllum and Phoradendron serotinum ssp. macrophyllum
Grape Family (Vitaceae)
Wild Grape	Vitis sp.	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, SD	Because the few Vitis plants on the BFS have not borne fruit, species identification is difficult. Plants may be V. californica, V. girdiana, or a hybrid.
Caltrop Family (Zygophyllaceae)
Puncture Vine	Tribulus terrestris	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, SD	First detected in 2008 as an infestation in the northeast corner of the East Field. Despite early eradication attempts, plants have become well established.
MONOCOTS
Agave Family (Agavaceae)
American Agave, Century Plant	Agave americana	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo	Two infestations – one the wash south of Lowell gate and one in the lower ‘Neck’ have been eliminated. Formerly in Liliaceae.
Chaparral Yucca, Our Lord’s Candle	Hesperoyucca whipplei	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Yucca whipplei. Formerly in Liliaceae.
California Soap Plant	Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly in Liliaceae.
Arum Family (Araceae)
Duckweed	Lemna valdiviana	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA613092	Formerly in Lemnaceae.
Tongueshape Mud-Midget	Wolffiella lingulata	Jep	native	RSA613092 (in specimen of Lemna valdiviana)
Palm Family (Arecaceae)
Mexican Fan Palm	Washingtonia robusta	CP, Jep	non-native	S
Asparagus Family (Asparagaceae)
Bridal Creeper	Asparagus asparagoides	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, LG
Sedge Family (Cyperaceae)
Tall Flatsedge	Cyperus eragrostis	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA764405
Purple spikerush	Eleocharis atropurpurea	CP, Jep	nativeL	SD
Spikerush	Eleocharis palustris	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA612180	Formerly listed as Eleocharis macrostachya, which closely resembles this species, but voucher specimen was determined to be palustris. Observed only in vernal pools to west of pHake Lake. These pools no longer exist.
Low Bulrush	Isolepis cernua	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA766855 RSA778383
Naked-stemmed Bulrush	Schoenoplectus sp.	CP, Jep	nativeL	SD	Formerly listed as Scirpus sp., but California Scirpus are now placed in Amphiscirpus, Bolboschoenus, Isolepis, Schoenoplectus, or Trichophorum.
Iris Family (Iridaceae)
Western Blue-eyed Grass	Sisyrinchium bellum	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612174	Small populations were reported directly southeast of pHake Lake shore and south of fire road and near the trail at southwest corner of pHake Lake. Both appear to have perished in the 2014-2017 drought.
Rush Family (Juncaceae)
Baltic Rush	Juncus balticus var. ater	CP, Jep	nativeL	EN	Clumped perennial with twisted stems and congested inflorescences afound on the margin of pHake Lake are tentatively identified as this species. [EN]
Toad Rush	Juncus bufonius	CP, Jep	nativeL	JG
Sonoran Rush, Baja Rush	Juncus effusus ssp. austrocalifornicus	Jep	nativeL	RSA611979 RSA764403	Formerly Juncus effusus var. brunneus.
Mexican Rush	Juncus mexicanus	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA748779	Diffuse spreading plants with twisted stems, small open inflorescences, and leaves resembling stems are referred to this species, found only on the north shore of pHake Lake, near the roadway. [EN]
Wrinkled Rush	Juncus rugulosus	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA611978 RSA764409
Grass Family (Poaceae)
Slender Wild Oat	Avena barbata	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA614152 UCR108415
Wild Oat	Avena fatua	CP, Jep	non-native	M
Ripgut Grass	Bromus diandrus	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA614150 UCR108414
Soft Chess, Soft Brome	Bromus hordeaceus	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA64154
Red Brome	Bromus rubens	BFS, CP, Jep	non-native	RSA614153 UCR107774	Formerly Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens
Giant Wild-Rye	Elymus condensatus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo	Formerly Leymus condensatus.
Rattail Sixweeks Grass	Festuca myuros	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA612080* RSA614151* RSA706973* UCR108459 *as Vulpia myuros	Formerly Vulpia myuros var. hirsuta; varieties are no longer recognized
Hare Barley	Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum	CP, Jep	non-native	R
Goldentop	Lamarckia aurea	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA707939
Crimson Fountaingrass	Pennisetum setaceum	CP, Jep	non-native	Photo, SD
Annual Bluegrass	Poa annua	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616151
Annual Beard Grass, Rabbitfoot Grass	Polypogon monspeliensis	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616145 RSA764410
Mediterranean Grass, Old Han Schismus	Schismus barbatus	CP, Jep	non-native	RSA616154
Pondweed Family (Potamogetonaceae)
Fennel-leaf Pondweed	Stuckenia pectinata	CP, Jep	nativeL	EN, JG	Formerly Potamogeton pectinatus.
Brodiaea Family (Themidaceae)
Blue Dicks	Dipterostemon capitatus ssp. capitatus	BFS, CP, Jep	native	RSA612069* RSA613091* UCR108286* *as Dichelostemma capitatum subsp. capitatum	Formerly Dichelostemma capitatum subsp. capitatum. Formerly placed in Liliaceae and Asparagaceae.
Cattail Family (Typhaceae)
Broad-leaved Cattail	Typha latifolia	CP, Jep	nativeL	RSA611977
CONIFERS
Pine Family (Pinaceae)
Knobcone Pine	Pinus attenuata	CP, Jep	native*	JG
Lacebark Pine	Pinus bungeana	BFS, CP	non-native	Photo	The single individual was removed during the renovation of the Redford Conservancy.
Coulter Pine	Pinus coulteri	CP, Jep	native*	EN, JG
Torrey Pine	Pinus torreyana	CP, Jep	native*	VS
FERNS
Brake Family (Pteridaceae)
Coffee Fern	Pellaea andromedifolia	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo
Goldback Fern	Pentagramma triangularis	BFS, CP, Jep	native	Photo, SD
*Key:
Origin:
native =	California native, indigenous to the BFS
native* =	California native planted or naturalized on the BFS; not part of the indigenous flora
non-native =	Not native to California, according to Jepson eFlora
Sources:
EN =	Envicom, Field survey on the Robert J. Bernard Biological Field Station, September 28 and October 13, 1998
JG =	Jeanne Marie Gural, Biological survey of the Robert J. Bernard Biological Field Station, Fall 1997 through Spring 2000
KH =	Kristen Hasenstab, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden
JS =	Jane Strong, California Native Plant Society
LG =	Leroy Gross, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden
M =	Field Station Manual, undated
R =	Recon survey of the the Bernard Biological Field Station, Spring 1998
RSA =	Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden plant list for the Robert J. Bernard Biological Field Station, Spring 1998
SD =	Stephen Dreher, BFS Manager, 2001-2010
VS =	Identification by Valerie Soza, 2001, or according to RSABG records (courtesy Valerie Soza, 2001)
Links to Photos and Descriptions:
BFS =	Robert J. Bernard Biological Field Station
CP =	CalPhotos, Digital Library Project, UC Berkeley. Clicking the CalPhotos link for a listing will return a display of all photos for that taxon. If you want to use any of these photos, be sure to check the guidelines for Using the Photos in CalPhotos
Jep =	Jepson treatment and bioregional distribution from the Jepson eFlora, which parallels The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, 2nd Edition.
Validation:
CDA =	California Department of Food and Agriculture
POM =	Pomona College Herbarium Collection, now combined with the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium
RSA =	Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium
SBBG =	Santa Barbara Botanic Garden Herbarium
SDSU =	San Diego State University Herbarium
UC =	The University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley
UCR =	University of California Riverside Herbarium